StrippableSystem doafter overhaul (#25994)

* Initial commit

* Fixed short circuiting

* Use DebugTools

* Use Entity<TComp> more, and make them nullable

* Bring these two together

Content.Shared/Clothing/EntitySystems/ToggleableClothingSystem.cs

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public sealed class ToggleableClothingSystem : EntitySystem
         if (component.StripDelay == null)
             return;
 
-        var (time, stealth) = _strippable.GetStripTimeModifiers(user, wearer, (float) component.StripDelay.Value.TotalSeconds);
+        var (time, stealth) = _strippable.GetStripTimeModifiers(user, wearer, component.StripDelay.Value);
 
         var args = new DoAfterArgs(EntityManager, user, time, new ToggleClothingDoAfterEvent(), item, wearer, item)
         {